Male fertility has become a growing global health concern as a number of studies have indicated a decline in sperm count and overall reproductive health in the past few decades.
Genetics and some medical conditions are certainly part of that, but too many daily lifestyle habits might be negatively affecting male fertility in secret.
A bad diet is one of the most important factors
Processed food, sugary drinks and trans fats have been linked to low sperm quality and lower testosterone levels. Research has found fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and omega-3 fatty acids are associated with better reproductive health.
Of course, part of the problem is that it’s so problematic because a sedentary lifestyle can lead to obesity and hormone imbalance and negatively affect sperm production. But doctors say not to do too much and to avoid taking anabolic steroids both of which can negatively affect fertility.
Smoking is still one of the most well-established risk factors
Tobacco use has been associated with low sperm count, lack of sperm motility and DNA damage in sperm cells. Alcohol abuse can also interfere with testosterone production and lead to reproductive dysfunction.
Stress is another neglected issue. Long hours of work are associated with high release of cortisol that decreases testosterone production and is associated with low sperm count.
Quality sleep is of great importance for hormonal health
Men who sleep less than 7 hours a night have low testosterone and lower fertility. A good sleep schedule is crucial for reproductive health.
But recent technology has also raised concerns. Long-term exposure to heat from laptops sitting on the lap or smartphones in front trouser pockets has been suggested as a potential risk to sperm health. Doctors generally recommend avoiding unnecessary heat exposure to the testicular area.
Environmental pollutants are increasingly being studied for their impact on fertility. Exposure to pesticides, industrial chemicals, heavy metals and endocrine-disrupting substances in some plastics may affect hormone function and sperm quality. BPA-free containers and reducing exposure to harmful chemicals can be beneficial.
Some medications and recreational drugs also affect fertility. Long-term use of anabolic steroids, antidepressants, chemotherapy drugs and other illicit substances can affect sperm production. Medications should be discussed with the doctor and not simply stopped when men want to have a family.
Fertility problems can also be linked to diabetes, thyroid disorders, infections and untreated sexually transmitted infections.
Men’s fertility is not just age or genetics
Good nutrition and exercise and healthy living habits like avoiding tobacco and alcohol, stress management and sleep are things that can assist reproductive health.
And while the occasional bad habits are unlikely to cause permanent damage, long-term health benefits and fertility benefits can be a benefit. If couples cannot conceive after a year of unprotected intercourse, they should consult a fertility specialist for a full evaluation.
